Description

The Cultural Practices of Māori in Advanced Age Questionnaire is a subscale of the broader Life and Living in Advanced Age: a Cohort Study in New Zealand (LiLACS NZ), also known as Te Puāwaitanga o Nga Tapuwae Kia ora Tonu. Developed through kōrero (discussion groups) with kaumātua and guided by a Kaupapa Māori methodology, the subscale assesses engagement in Māori cultural practices, cultural identity, and related experiences among Māori in advanced age. Items address frequency of marae visits, fluency and use of te reo Māori (language), understanding of tikanga (cultural practices), roles within whānau, hapū, and iwi, satisfaction with cultural responsibilities, use of traditional foods, connection with hapū and rohe, and the importance of nature and the outdoors. Some questions were adapted from the Te Hoe Nuku Roa scale of Māori cultural identity. Additional items explore experiences of discrimination in health and social services.

AI/AN Communities where the measure has been used

Māori communities in New Zealand’s Bay of Plenty and Lakes District Health Board regions.

Demographics of AI/AN participants where the scale has been used

Māori adults aged 80–90 and Non-Māori adults aged 85 (comparison cohort)

Notes on adaptations or modifications

  1. Questions about cultural practices were generated from discussion groups with older Māori. A few questions about cultural identity were drawn from the Te Hoe Nuku Roa scale about contact with marae, fluency and use of te reo Māori.
  2. LiLACS NZ is a much larger questionnaire – this information is only about the section on cultural identity and practices. There are also an additional 5 items on discrimination experiences (total 23 items with these 5 items)

Modality and administration

Self-report; this measure is administered through structured, face-to-face standardized interviews conducted at participants’ homes or a location of their choice, with the option of English or te reo Māori.

Scoring

  • Some items use five-point or three-point categorical response scales. Scoring method not specified.
  • A composite “ever discriminated” code was constructed from discrimination items.

Psychometric evidence

Not available

Citation(s)

  • Hayman, K., Kerse, N., Dyall, L., et al. (2012). Life and Living in Advanced Age: a Cohort Study in New Zealand, Te Puāwaitanga o Nga Tapuwae Kia ora Tonu (LiLACS NZ), Study Protocol. BMC Geriatrics, 12, 33.
  • Dyall, L., Kepa, M., Teh, R., Mules, R., Moyes, S. A., Wham, C., Hayman, K., Connolly, M., Wilkinson, T., Keeling, S., Loughlin, H., Jatrana, S., & Kerse, N. (2014). Cultural and social factors and quality of life of Māori in advanced age. New Zealand Medical Journal, 127(1393), 62–79.

Disclaimer: The included citations are not exhaustive, but represent the examples we had access to. If you are an original author or have other work that could be included here, please contact us.