Measurement Repository

The Collectivist Coping Styles Inventory (CCS) was developed to assess how individuals cope with stressful or traumatic life events from a collectivistic cultural perspective. The CCS emphasizes coping strategies that align with interdependence, family support, spirituality, and harmony, rather than focusing only on individualistic coping styles. The original version consists of 30 items grouped into five factors: (a) Acceptance, Reframing, and Striving; (b) Family Support; (c) Religion/Spirituality; (d) Avoidance and Detachment; and (e) Private Emotional Outlets. Respondents are asked to reflect on a stressful or traumatic event and rate the helpfulness of various coping strategies. The measure can provide insight into culturally grounded coping mechanisms and is intended for use in diverse populations, particularly those with collectivist cultural orientations.

The Competing Life Reinforcers (CLRs) framework was developed from Behavioral Theories of Choice to understand substance use risk and protective factors among Indigenous youth. CLRs are defined as valued activities that are consistent with community values, available to youth, and incompatible with substance use. This measure was co-created with First Nations youth using community-based participatory research methods so that items directly reflect cultural activities identified by youth as meaningful and protective against substance use. Items include participation in traditional crafts, powwows, talking circles, sweats, and learning about one’s culture. The measure provides insight into how engagement with cultural activities functions as a protective factor against alcohol use and heavy drinking.

The Conduct Problems measure evaluates whether a child has ever engaged in behaviors that are socially disruptive or may result in disciplinary or legal consequences. It includes items that ask caregivers about a range of behaviors such as stealing, lying for personal gain, fighting, damaging property, running away, and involvement with law enforcement. Each question is answered with a Yes or No, with follow-up items for certain behaviors to clarify context (e.g., whether a child initiated a fight or was arrested).The purpose of this measure is to identify the presence and scope of conduct-related concerns that may affect a child’s well-being, safety, or relationships. There is a youth self-report version of this measure and a caregiver report on child version. Responses are summed to generate a total score, with higher scores reflecting a greater number of reported conduct issues. This information can guide referrals to behavioral health services, inform case planning, or monitor changes over time. A youth self-report version and a caregiver-report version of this measure are both available.

The Connectedness Scale was developed to assess the extent to which Indigenous youth are integrated within their cultural identity, traditions, and spirituality. The scale aims to operationalize cultural connectedness as a protective factor for well-being, reflecting strengths-based and culturally grounded approaches. The final 29-item scale is organized into three dimensions: 1) Cultural identity – sense of belonging, pride, and self-identification with Indigenous culture; 2) Cultural traditions – engagement with traditional activities, ceremonies, and cultural practices; and 3) Cultural spirituality – connection to spiritual beliefs and practices. Scores can be used to evaluate cultural strengths and examine relationships between cultural connectedness and health, resilience, and well-being outcomes.

The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is designed to assess resilience, conceptualized as the ability to cope with stress and adversity. Items ask participants about their ability to adapt, bounce back, and maintain functioning despite stressors or challenges. An abbreviated version of this scale – the CD-RISC-10 – was developed in an effort to improve the validity of the CD-RISC and modified the original 25-item scale to a 10-item scale.

The Cultural Congruity Scale (CCS) was originally developed to assess the degree to which students’ values, beliefs, and cultural background are perceived as congruent with the culture of the university environment. It measures cultural fit and potential conflict, with items addressing belonging, value conflicts, and comfort in academic settings (Gloria & Robinson Kurpius, 1996). The Cultural Congruity Index (CCI) is an adaptation of the CCS used in studies with American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) graduate students (Brazill et al., 2021). The CCI retained 9 of the original 13 CCS items, modified for graduate student contexts, and measured perceptions of cultural congruity in higher education settings.

The Cultural Connectedness Scale (CCS) is a self-report measure developed to assess Indigenous peoples’ sense of connection to their cultural identity, traditions, and spirituality. Created using a strengths-based, community-driven approach, the CCS was designed to operationalize Indigenous conceptualizations of wellness and resilience, providing a culturally grounded tool that reflects Indigenous worldviews rather than Western psychological constructs. The scale measures three interrelated domains: Cultural Identity, Traditions, and Spirituality. Higher scores indicate greater cultural connectedness, which has been associated with enhanced self-esteem, resilience, and positive mental health outcomes among Indigenous youth and adults. Several validated versions of the CCS exist: CCS (original 29-item version) – developed for First Nations youth in Canada. CCS-S (Short Version) – a 10-item abbreviated form for use in large-scale surveys. CCS-CA (California Adaptation) – adapted for multi-tribal, urban Native American/Indigenous communities in the United States.

An adapted and shortened version of the Native Wellness Assessment—referred to as the Cultural Efficacy measure—has been used to assess comfort with, access to, and agency related to cultural and traditional resources. This adaptation focuses specifically on cultural engagement, identity, and confidence in accessing cultural knowledge, and was developed from items drawn from the NWA Self-Report Form. The Cultural Efficacy measure includes 7-8 items, uses a 5-point Likert response format, and yields a total score reflecting levels of cultural efficacy

The Culture Routines measure consists of 17 items that assess participation in culturally grounded family routines among Native American individuals. Participants report how much they agree or disagree with statements about engaging in traditional activities such as healing ceremonies, language use, ancestral food preparation, Indigenous arts and crafts, and storytelling. Several items also assess cultural engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. The measure is designed to capture the extent to which families are involved in cultural practices that may support identity, resilience, and intergenerational connection.

The Cultural Socialization measure assesses the frequency with which caregivers engage in activities that promote their child’s understanding, pride, and participation in Anishinaabe culture. Items ask how often, in the past month, caregivers involved their child in spiritual practices, shared cultural teachings, used the Anishinaabe language, and expressed pride in Anishinaabe identity. The purpose of this measure is to capture active efforts by caregivers to pass on cultural values, knowledge, and identity. Total scores, derived from summed item responses, reflect the extent of cultural socialization, with higher scores indicating more frequent engagement in culturally affirming practices.

The Culturally Appropriate Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (QFFQ) was developed to assess dietary intake among Inuvialuit communities in the Northwest Territories of Canada. This population-specific tool captures long-term dietary intake patterns, including both market foods and traditional foods, with sensitivity to local practices, language, and food preparation methods. By incorporating culturally relevant food models, recipes, and a locally adapted food composition table, the QFFQ enables accurate assessment of nutrient intake, monitoring of dietary changes, and investigation of diet–disease relationships in Indigenous Arctic populations.

This discrimination measure is used to assess experiences of racial and ethnic discrimination among Native American adults and youth. The adult version includes 12 items, and the youth version includes 8 items, both heavily adapted from the Schedule of Racist Events (Landrine et al., 1996). Items ask participants how often they have experienced racially discriminatory events – such as being treated unfairly, called names, or threatened – due to their race or ethnicity. These adaptations focus on relevance to Indigenous populations, simplifying language and ensuring developmental appropriateness for younger respondents. The measure captures frequency of discriminatory encounters across different settings and relationships, contributing to an understanding of racism’s impact on well-being.